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Mr. Yu Chiming: Time exam of Master Yin Guang’s “Four Theories” works

Master Yin Guang 2020-08-07

Time exam of Master Yin Guang’s “Four Theories” works

Yu Chiming

[Content summary ]The publication of Master Yin Guang’s Buddhist “Four Treatises” is a landmark event in the birth and spread of the thirteenth ancestor of the Pure Land Sect. There is no definite record of the time when Master Yin Guang wrote the “Four Treatises”. This article verified based on the master’s notes and relevant documents that the master wrote the “Four Treatises” and the relevant time when Mr. Gao Henian went to Putuo Mountain to collect the master’s manuscripts.

[Keywords ]Master Yin Guang’s Pure Land Gao Henian

The "Four Treatises" mentioned in this article refer to the "The Treatise on the Three Roots of Pure Land Dharma" published in the ninth issue of "Buddhist Cong Jue" on February 15, 1914, and the "The Treatise on the Not Appropriate Confusion of Religion", "The Treatise on the Basic Treatise on Filial Piety in Buddhism" and "The Tathagata's Contemporary Treatise on the Random Benefiting of Enthusiasms" published in the tenth issue of "March 15".As Chen Faxiang, editor of the Bimonthly Journal of "Awakening of Love", said, "These four papers can be said to be the first translation of Master Yin Guang. *wheel.From then on, Long Tian was launched and it was bright."But there are two problems at present: one is that when Master Yin Guang wrote these four theories, the master's literary notes do not clearly record;The second is about when Mr. Gao Henian went to Fayu Temple on Putuo Mountain to recommend these four theories to Shanghai to "Buddhist Collection". There are different records in "Master Yin Guang's Writings". Most academic circles hold the theory of "Master Yin Guang's Industry Record", Shi Dongchu's "Modern History of Chinese Buddhism", Shen Quji's "Biography of Master Yin Guang" and so on.The author believes that the year of the Republic of China is inaccurate, so based on the literature of Master Yin Guang and related materials such as "A Trip to Famous Mountains", "Chronology of Master Gao Henian", "Collection of Yongsi of Master Yin Guang", etc., we will verify the time when Master Gao Henian wrote these four theories and the time when Mr. Gao Henian took these four theories.

1. About the time when Master Yin Guang wrote the "Four Theories"

Master Yin Guang’s third volume of writing, Volume 1 and the eighth book of Mr. Gao Henian said: “It is also said that he is not smart and rude, which is a method of improperity. The volume of the book makes people like a fisherman accidentally enters the Taoyuan, so why is he wrong?If you want to lead the unwise and advance, even if you don’t have a wise body, your mind will be weak and your mind will be weak.As you see it retreating day by day, it is difficult to advance in an instant.He also presented to Mr. Li, who was sympathized with his sincerity and recorded it with seals, and felt ashamed and unconscious.If so, then the rotten grass throws into the treasure mountain, and the remaining soup is mixed with the king's food, and the ears and eyes of the man, embarrass my face and face, and he will win the viewer, and there will be a way of Dharma.Moreover, the first three theories were written by Monk Kairu in the winter of the previous year to be used as a draft of the speech of Shangxiantang.The method of reciting Buddha's name is universally described in the Three Roots, which is then recorded in the chanting of that hall in winter.It is unknown whether the other two articles are used or not.If you say that although the writing is despicable, your intention is sincere and complacent.It should be explained in the first three theories as the name.Religion should not be misunderstood. It is a shameful name for the interpretation of the word.The word "Sign" is a thousand prayers, do not write."It is said here that "religion should not be misunderstood. It is a shameful name for the interpretation of the article."The first three theories are published as names."The first three treatises refer to the "The Three Roots of Pure Land Dharma", "The Treatise on Filial Piety as the Basic Treatise on Buddhism" and "The Tathagata's Contemporary Treatise on the Random Benefiting of Enthusiasms".The master talked about the time of the first three of the four treatises in the winter of the previous year. As long as the time of writing this letter is determined, the time of writing of the first three treatises can be determined.Unfortunately, the master only signed this letter with "Lantern Festival Day" and has no year.However, if the content of this letter is compared with the teachings written by Yin Guang when he visited Putuo Mountain in August of the second year of the Republic of China, and the eighth book of Gao Henian, he found that the two have surprising commonalities:

First, it is mentioned that after Master Zibai’s enlightenment, he traveled to famous mountains and rivers.

《"A Trip to Famous Mountains": On August 14, I went to the Sutra Library of Fayu Temple to visit Master Yin Guang.The master said: "I haven't seen each other for many years. Today we meet, it's rare! After Master Zibai's enlightenment, he traveled through famous mountains and rivers, and set up various places to see and hear the holy temples. He has experienced the environment with his strength and strength, and traveled 300 miles a day.Those who traveled there did not hear of him.Recently, those who live a life-threatening life in the Buddha have traveled south and north to sell fragments for small profits. Even though they are famous mountains and holy places, they have no admiration.”

Volume 1 of the third volume of the Wenchao, and the eighth book of Mr. Gao Henian: “After Master Zibai was enlightened, he traveled to famous mountains to gain a wide range of knowledge.All the famous mountain and holy temples in China have experienced their own experiences, because of their strong color and strength, they travel more than 300 miles a day.If this person is a traveler, he has never heard of him.In modern times, many people have relied on Buddha to live in stolen life.Zen teachings and purity, and everything is done.Only by running south and north, buying bits and pieces, so as to seek small profits and do whatever you want.Even though I reach the famous mountain holy temple, I have no thought of shame and admiration.Residence in the land is to cultivate the truth, follow the circumstances and advance to the Tao, hold on to the word Amitabha and treat it as the original Yuanchen of the birth.Holding the word "sham" and thinking that he entered the saint's ladder.The holy land is endlessly visited, and it records its traces to open people's eyes and ears.”

Second, it is all about curbing the harm of foreign paper

《"A Book of Visits to Famous Mountains": On the morning of August 16, Mr. Gao first sat at the Master of the Sutra Library. The master said: "In recent times, those who have used Guangyang paper to print scriptures have the deepest harm, which is even worse than those of floods and beasts.Therefore, the planting of paper will be decayed in just 20 or 30 years.I am not willing to discuss with all the great lay Buddhists, do not cherish their compassionate efforts, and make a long tongue. I inform each sutra room to carve the sutras and make them correct their mistakes. Do not eliminate the Buddha seeds because of their circulation.Stop this terrible wind and bring eternal holy teachings.”

Volume 3 of the Wenchao Collection, the book of Gao Henian, is eight: "The harm of foreign paper is greater than that of floods and beasts, which will destroy the country and the people, and will destroy the Confucianism, Buddhism and sages, and the disaster will be extremely unreasonable.On the fourth day of the first day, I have briefly explained the general principles for Mr. Li. I pray that the lay people should not cherish their kindness and strength, and I will tell them all about them.Order to establish a charter, and do not print any sutras and treatises of the Buddha with this paper.It is also necessary to inform each place of the engravings to make them understand in one piece.So that it will not lead to rapid destruction through circulation.This is a heartless person who has no way to complain.Now I want to introduce the lay Buddhists as an introduction, and I beg all the great lay Buddhists to develop the Bodhicitta and develop a long tongue to curb this habit and to achieve eternal Dharma.I will forgive me for being foolish and sincere, and I will tell you everything.”

Thirdly, it is mentioned that you advise Mr. Gao Henian to stop walking.

《"A Visit to Famous Mountains": On August 17, Mr. Gao left the house and met the master and the masters of the Qing Dynasty and came to his residence, so he went to the Prajna Temple to visit Master Yushan.After taking the Tao from the Three Holy Halls and passing through Pantuan Temple, the master saw that Mr. Gao was unable to walk quickly and had no energy.Then he said: "How can lay people walk like this? I can stop and stop.Indulge in desire and travel widely, and use your spirit rather than your body.The three sutras of Amitabha and the Huayan section are regarded as a journey of travel.Sitting in the Seven Treasure Pool, visiting the Huazang World.The more the spirit wanders, the stronger the body becomes, and the more universal the thoughts, the more united the mind becomes.Its silence is unattainable, and its illumination is inherently complete. Its silence is harmonious and true and worldly.Ten generations of ancient and modern times, and they are here to remember.The boundless sea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Compared with those who are surrounded by stars and moon, rushing against the wind in the rain, trembling in the abyss, and terrifying in the dangerous rock, they are no less than the disaster of the day.I despise this, and I don’t know what the lay people think?” Mr. Gao replied: “Tell me to understand.However, if you have the wish of seeking transformation from the higher and lower levels, you are afraid that the power of the Tao will not be sufficient, and your karma will be entangled, and it will be affected by the situation, so you are willing to suffer some torture.”

Volume 1 of the third volume of the Wenchao, and the eighth book of Mr. Gao Henian: On the seventh day of the first lunar month, I realized that I would still travel to Hangzhou, Anhui and other provinces last year. I wanted to go to Beijing, but I returned due to the cold weather and my body was sick. The layman can be said to have forgotten his body as a Dharma.However, in the light of the foolish opinion, it seems that we can stop and stop.If you want to travel widely, you should use your spirit instead of your body.The three sutras of Amitabha and the Huayan section are regarded as a journey of travel.Sitting in the Seven Treasure Pool, visiting the Huazang World.The more the spirit wanders, the stronger the body becomes, and the more universal the thoughts, the more united the mind becomes.Its silence is unattainable, and its illumination is inherently complete. Its silence is harmonious and true and worldly.Ten generations of ancient and modern times, and they are here to remember.The boundless sea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Compared with those who are surrounded by stars and moon, rushing against the wind in the rain, trembling in the abyss, and terrifying in the dangerous rock, they are no less than the disaster of the day.I despise this and do not know what the lay Buddhists think.

According to the words "Go to the autumn after the master of the journey", we can judge that in the autumn before writing this letter, Mr. Gao Henian went to Putuo to meet Master Yin Guang. Based on the consistency of the above three aspects and the coincidence of the autumn time, we can infer that the third volume of Wenchao Volume 1 and the eighth volume of Mr. Gao Henian was written in the second year of the Republic of China. (1913Year )In August, the Lantern Festival day after Mr. Gao visited Putuo, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month of the Jiayin year. (February 9, 1914, 2014 )。It is impossible that the first year of the Republic of China was marked by "Fang Wailaihong" and Shen Quji's "Biography of Master Yin Guang" (1912Year )。After determining the time of the faith, the three treatises "The Three Roots of Pure Land Dharma", "The Treatise on the Basic Treatise on Filial Piety in Buddhism" and "The Tathagata's Contemporary Successful Contemporary Treatise on Random Benefiting Aspirations" can be determined based on the "Winter of the Year of the Renzi Year" (November )。

2. About the time when Mr. Gao Henian brought the master's manuscript to Shanghai to enter the Buddhist Association

Master Yin Guang himself has two opinions: one is the second year of the Republic of China mentioned in the third volume of the book of Ding Fubao, the second year of the Republic of China mentioned in the second volume of the book of Ding Fubao, the first year of the Republic of China mentioned in the second volume of the book of Jiayan in the second volume of the book of the book of Yao Weiyi in the second volume of the book of Wu Cangzhou, the third volume of the book of Zhuo Zhili in the third volume of the book of Zhuo Zhili in the second volume of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of the book of Wu Cangzhou in the third volume of the book of the book of Zhuo Zhili in the first place. (era ),However, according to the Wenchao, "A Record of Travels in Famous Mountains" and "A Collection of the Chronicles of Mr. Gao Henian", there are the following points: First, according to the records of "A Collection of Mr. Gao Henian", Mr. Gao Henian took refuge in Shanghai in the spring of the first year of the Republic of China, and his main activities were in Shanghai and traveled to Hebei, Shanxi and Hunan. There were no records of visiting Putuo Mountain;Secondly, when Mr. Gao visited Putuo Mountain in August 2nd year of the Republic of China, he said, "I haven't seen each other for many years, and I meet today, which is rare!", which ruled out the possibility that Mr. Gao visited Putuo Mountain to collect manuscripts in the first year of the Republic of China;Third, Volume 1 of the third volume and the book of Mr. Gao Henian, the master said: "Go to Qiu Meng to take him to Shangyang and record four theories to spread the news."It can be seen that in autumn, Mr. Gao went to Putuo to collect manuscripts, which coincided with the eighth month of the lunar calendar in the second year of the Republic of China.Therefore, it can be inferred that the theory of the second year of the Republic of China was established.On the contrary, if you assume that the time when Mr. Gao collected the manuscript was in the autumn of the first year of the Republic of China, then let’s take a look at the situation of Mr. Gao in the seventh, eighth and nineth month of the lunar calendar in the first year of the Republic of China.According to "Traveling in Famous Mountains", on the ninth day of the seventh day of that year, Mr. Gao traveled from Xunyang to Hankou. On July 13th, he took a train north. From July 17th to August, from July 11th to August, from Zhili to Hunan to Nanyue, from September to Nanyue, from Nanyue to Nanyue, from September to Nanyue to visit through Hunan, arrived in Shanghai in October, sorted out the "Draft Buddhist Sutras", urged the printing of the "Buddhist Congbao", and asked Master Yuexia to give lectures, but there was no record of his clone to go to Putuo Mountain.This proves that the time when Mr. Gao collected the manuscripts was impossible in the first year of the Republic of China, and it was against the establishment of the second year of the Republic of China.How to explain what the master said in many places in the first year of the Republic of China?What the master recorded should be about time, that is, the time when the Buddhist Congbao was founded, as in the continuation of the volume, the third book of the book Wu Cangzhou was added to the sequel. (The 20th year of the Republic of China )The master said: "The seventh month of the people, Xu Weiru, has never been with Guang. Because he saw the Buddhist Association of Buddhism in the first year of the people, he always felt ashamed of several articles." In fact, the "Buddhist Association of Buddhism" published the fourth treatise of the Master only in the third year of the Republic of China.As for the lay Buddhist Gao Henian's "A Brief Record of the Master's Ascetic Practices": "In the second year of the Republic of China, Di Chuqing made up his mind to run the "Buddhist Congbao". After I went to the sea, the searcher's manuscripts were compiled into the "Congbao"" to record the two years of the founding of the "Congbao" and the collection of manuscripts, and there was no separation.

The accompanying article also proves that the conclusion written by Chen Faxiang, editor of the Jueyouqing Bimonthly, was correct in the verdict of the third volume of the book of Mr. Gao Henian on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month of the third year of the Republic of China.Because the letter also mentioned that "Your Excellency Qiu Meng brought you to Shangyang and recorded four theories to be published in the collection of reports.”, Since it is proved that Mr. Gao Henian took Master Yin Guang’s manuscript in the autumn of the second year of the Republic of China, this letter was of course written on the eighth day of the April 3rd year of the Republic of China. (Note: Master Yin Guang's letter is only signed on the eighth day of April, and has not been signed on the year. )

Attachment: Volume 1 of the three volumes of the Wenchao and the book of Mr. Gao Henian

When you are young, you will lose your knowledge and you will never know anything.Because I have lived in Putuo for a long time, I will briefly record one or two of them to prepare my own book.I went to Qiu Meng to take him to Shangyang and recorded four theories to spread the news.I think about the retribution, and the great lay Buddhists blow the great magic snails and beat the great magic drums. Their meaning is profound and profound, as if the sky is high and the earth is thick.The words are wonderful, like jade vibrating the sound of gold.In the Guangwen list, why don’t you throw rubble in the pearl forest and spread thorns in the jade garden? It can only stung the elegant eyes, which is useless to appreciate, and be ashamed.Master Genqi returned and ordered him to make a statement.But he was weak and his eyes were blurred. He wanted to refuse to obey orders, and he was afraid of being kind.Because I copied five old manuscripts that I had previously assigned, and the genre of which was despicable and despicable.You should smile when you read it.However, they may not be surprised when they know each other.As for publishing in newspapers, it is probably a joke to the great family. (April 8th )

According to Master Yin Guang, he lived in seclusion on Mount Putuo, and no one knew about it at first.Mr. Gao Henian traveled to the mountains and asked for four papers.One Pure Land Dharma is universally treated by the Three Roots.Second, religion should not be misunderstood.The three Buddhisms are based on filial piety.The Four Tathagata's brief theory of random benefiting sentient beings.All of them are published in the Buddhist Association of Buddhist Studies founded by Di Pingzi, a lay Buddhist in Shanghai.His first article, signed by the name of the Congbao, was published in the ninth issue of Congbao.It is the 15th day of the lunar calendar in the third year of the Republic of China, which is the 2nd day of the lunar calendar in the second year of the Republic of China. (On the Yin and Yang Gregorian calendar, the words cannot be explained, so there may be miswords. )publishing.The second article is also signed by Changsha.The third and fourth chapters are signed by Putuo Monk.These three articles are published in the tenth issue of Congbao.These four papers can be said to be the first translation of Master Yin Guang *wheel.From then on, Long Tian was launched and it was bright.The lay Buddhist Chenghenian showed his right book, but the year has not been listed.It is said in the book that when you go to Qiu Meng, you took you to Shangyang to record four theories to publish them in order to spread the news, then the right book was written on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month of the third year of the Republic of China.This book has historical value in Buddhism and has not been found in the Zhengxu Concubine, so I will publish it to the publication.

Chen Faxiang, editor of Jueyouqing Bimonthly

Conclusion of this article: The three treatises of "The Three Roots of Pure Land Dharma", "The Treatise on the Perfection of Filial Piety in Buddhism" and "The Tathagata's Contemporary Treatise on the Random Benefiting of Enthusiasms" were written in the winter month of the year of Renzi (November )。The time when Mr. Gao Henian went to Putuo to receive the manuscripts of Master Yin Guang was in August of the lunar calendar of the second year of the Republic of China (1913September 2019 )。Due to data limitations, the time when the master wrote "The Theory of Religion Not Adaptable to Miscellaneous" is still untestable and will be resolved when new materials appear in the future. (Yu Chiming December 12, 2005 )

2024-02-05 18:10
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